Carolus Hacquart: The Triumph of Love / De Triomfeerende Min

Muzyka Barokowa
premiera polska: 01.09.2016
kontynent: Europa
kraj: Holandia
opakowanie: Jewelcaseowe etui
opis:
multikulti.com:
"De Triomfeerende Min" ("Triumf miłości") został napisany z okazji zawarcia pokoju i podpisania tzw. Traktatów w Nijmegen, w okresie od sierpnia 1678 do grudnia 1679, kończąca wojnę holenderską, toczoną pomiędzy Królestwem Francji, Biskupstwem Münster i Królestwem Szwecji a Republiką Zjednoczonych Prowincji, Królestwem Hiszpanii, Brandenburgią, Królestwem Danii i Świętym Cesarstwem Rzymskim. Najważniejszy z nich zakończył wojnę francusko-holenderską, w której Ludwik XIV, król Francji, starał się wymazać Republika Holenderska z mapy Europy. Rozpoczęła się ona francuską agresją na Niderlandy w roku 1672, kiedy to ogromna armia Ludwika XIV zajęła wielką część kraju aż do linii wodnej na zachód od Utrechtu. Ludwik XIV był wspierany przez Anglię i biskupów Kolonii oraz Munster. Wojna w czasie sześciu lat jej trwania przekształciła się w wiele odrębnych konfliktów, m.in. III wojnę angielsko-holenderską i wojnę skańską. Negocjacje pokojowe zaczęły się już w 1676 roku, ale ustalenia podpisano dopiero w 1678 roku. W wyniku porozumień w Nijmegen Francja uzyskała Franche-Comté, kilka miast w hrabstwach Flandrii i Hainaut.

Poeta Dirck Buyser (1644-1707), który w czasie tej wojny był członkiem Admiralicji na Maas w Rotterdamie, napisał libretto "Triumfu miłości" i poprosił gambistę i kompozytora Carolusa Hacquarta (ok. 1640-1701), by skomponował muzykę do niego. "De Triomfeerende Min" jest znany jako pierwsza opera w dziejach Holandii, ale wydaje się, że określenie to jest trochę na wyrost. Ta apoteoza pokoju jest faktycznie cyklem pieśni, arii i duetów, ogłoszony drukiem w 1680, jako "sztuka, która miesza się z muzyką wokalną i instrumentalną, oraz tańcem." To raczej muzyczny teatr, niż prawdziwa opera.

Camerata Trajectina interpretuje Hacquarta i Buysera jako niezależne, czysto muzyczne dzieło sztuki. I czyni to z najwyższym mistrzostwem tak wokalnym, jak i instrumentalnym, w duchu epoki oraz na instrumentach z tamtych, burzliwych wieków.
Editor's info:
The Triumph of Love
'The Triumph of Love' ('De Triomfeerende Min') was written on the occasion of the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. This treaty ended the war by which Louis XIV sought to wipe the Dutch Republic off the map. The misery began in the Disaster Year of 1672, when an enormous French army advanced clear up to the Dutch Water Line, to the west of Utrecht. Louis was backed by pacts with England and the Bishops of Cologne and Munster. The invasion, as the saying goes, made the people witless, the leaders hopeless, and the country helpless. Eventually the tide was tuned, with the young stadhouder (stadtholder) Prince William III of Orange playing a starring role. The Peace of Nijmegen worked for the moment to put an end to French aggression.
The poet Dirck Buysero (1644-1707), whose day job was member of the Admiralty of the Maas in Rotterdam, took the initiative for 'The Triumph of Love'. He wrote the libretto and asked the gambist Carolus Hacquart (c. 1640-1701?) to compose music for it. In the Prelude to the work, the goddesses of Peace and Joy sing praises to the paradise that was the Netherlands before the Disaster Year. When war breaks out, one of the many consequences is that the young women are no longer willing to give themselves over to Love. This is a serious threat to the romance business. Cupid, the god of Love, addresses Mars, the god of War, about this untenable situation and challenges him to fight over it. Before the quarrel really gets out of hand, Venus - the goddess of Love and the mother of Cupid - comes between them. She seduces Mars, with whom she had an earlier relationship.
The god of War succumbs to her charms and offers to cease hostilities. Then there's peace on earth, accompanied by an outburst of glorious odes to peace sung by gods and goddesses, lovers and mistresses, shepherds, farmers, etc.
'The Triumph of Love' is known as the "first Dutch opera," but that's a bit more honor than it can bear. Actually, it is a kind of 'singspiel', announced in the 1680 edition as "A Peace Play, mixed with vocal and string music, stage machinery, and dance."

The scene featuring Cupid, Mars, and Venus, which Buysero largely borrowed from 'Les amours de Venus et d'Adonis' by Jean Donneau de Visé (1670), is entirely spoken, as are the connecting lines of text between vocal pieces. We could view 'The Triumph of Love', though, as an inspiration for the first Dutch opera. Buysero himself saw in this work a "semblance of a French or Italian opera, which here in our land are more renowned than known."
He wished that his 'comedy' (Bly-spel) might serve as a sketch for something greater that should eventually follow on the Dutch stage, in imitation of French and Italian models. Buysero's wish came true in 1686, when Govert Bidloo brought out his Bacchus, Ceres, and Venus in Amsterdam, with music by another gambist, Johan Schenk. This work can rightly be considered the first Dutch opera: it was sung from start to finish and was also announced loud and clear as an opera. Camerata Trajectina performed and recorded it on CD in 2006.
It must have been frustrating for Buysero that his attempts to get The Triumph of Love performed at the Amsterdam Theatre ran aground. Probably the work's House of Orange slant offended Amsterdam's sensibilities: at that time the Amsterdam city council had banned politics from the theatre. It's not known whether The Triumph of Love played in Nijmegen, where Europe's diplomats had gathered to secure the peace. The work must have played in The Hague, though. Constantijn Huygens, secretary to the Prince of Orange and a great connoisseur of music, wrote on 31 December 1678:

On Buysero's Chamber Play about the Peace Agreement

From many a tongue and heart how sweet a sound
Would come if every throat would sing
Of peace, that very best of things,
So wonderfully as it did here resound.

The term 'chamber play' suggests that The Triumph of Love was a more modest production in The Hague than Buysero had envisioned for the Amsterdam Theatre, with stage machinery. After Huygens' favorable review it's understandable why Buysero dedicated The Triumph of Love to him, although it could well be that Huygens was mostly charmed by Hacquart's lovely music. In any case, a year later he recommended the composer to Prince Johan Maurits of Nassau, in whose house in The Hague (the Mauritshuis, nowadays a world-class art museum) Hacquart wanted to give concerts.
Carolus Hacquart, who was from Bruges in the Spanish Netherlands, emigrated to Amsterdam shortly before the Disaster Year, no doubt attracted by the Dutch Republic's favorable economic circumstances. He and his family moved in about 1679 to The Hague where indeed he must have given concerts and where he was given the post of organist in the Catholic conventicle on Juffrouw Ida street. His music for The Triumph of Love did not, however, turn out to be much of a financial windfall; eleven years later he was still trying to wangle his princely honorarium of 250 guilders out of Buysero. We can see a foreshadowing of this ill-treatment already in the printed score, in which Hacquart's name occurs not on the title page, but way at the end, on the last musical staff, in small type.

The Wedding of Cloris and Rosie
Buysero wrote other music theatre pieces, such as the Rijswijk Joy of Peace, set to music (1697), Venus and Adonis, with music by Hendrik Anders, and The Battle of Love and Wine, a shepherd play also with music by Anders (1697). By far Buysero's best-known work is The Wedding of Cloris and Rosie (De bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje), although other poets contributed to it. This farce was performed for two and a half centuries, clear up to the 1960s, as a postlude to the famous tragedy Gijsbrecht van Aemstel by Joost van den Vondel. Buysero wrote the first part of the text; the rest is by Jacob van Rijndorp (1706), director of the theatres in Leiden and The Hague. Van Rijndorp's contribution was in turn reworked for the Amsterdam stage by the actor Thomas van Malsem (1707).
According to the title page, The Wedding of Cloris and Rosie is a 'Rustic-operetta,' a lowbrow 'farce with song and dance.' It takes place in a Dutch village where people speak a country dialect. The actual lead roles are not those of Cloris and Rosie but rather Krelis and Elsie. In the opening scene, Krelis courts Elsie in serenades, for the moment to no avail. Then Tomas and Pieternel, the parents of Cloris and Rosie, prepare the wedding banquet and welcome the guests. Krelis and Elsie arrive last, having seen eye to eye in the meantime. At the end of the play, during the farmer's wedding feast, they do the most of the talking, and they sing songs. When the bride and groom want to head to bed, the cast sings one last communal song and dances one closing ballet.
Earlier, Buysero had written a pastoral play-with-music, The Courtship of Cloris and Rosie (De vryadje van Cloris en Roosje), with music by Servaas de Koning (1688). In this play, Cloris courts Rosie, and eventually succeeds. The Wedding is thus actually a sequel, transferred from an arcadian setting to a farm scene.
De Koning's music for The Courtship is lost, with the exception of a single melody. Likewise the original music for The Wedding is mostly lost, presumably during the fire in the Amsterdam Theatre in 1772. This CD contains several songs and dances that we were able to reconstruct. Later on, Bartholomeus Ruloffs composed new music in the rococo style.

Louis Peter Grijp
translation by Ruth van Baak Griffioen

Acknowledgements
For this recording of The Triumph of Love, grateful use was made of the score that Pieter Andriessen published in 1996. We have however pared back his reconstructions, which called for a substantial baroque orchestra. This applies first of all to the instrumental dances and interludes, which Buysero indicated only with words, and for which no music was printed (and perhaps never even composed). So we chose appropriate music from Hacquart's collection Chelys (1686) which consists of twelve suites for viola da gamba. We then arranged the relevant preludes and dances for two violins, flutes, or oboes, with continuo accompaniment. This covered everything except for the march whereby Mars the god of War makes his entrance [4], and for the dance of the Tritons who accompany Neptune [22], for which we used music from other sources from Hacquart's time.
The fragments of the music from The Courtship and The Wedding of Cloris and Rosie were found by Louis Grijp with the help of the Nederlandse Liederenbank (Dutch Song Database) of the Meertens Institute (Amsterdam) and are published in the Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis 61 (2011). The melodies, transmitted as single lines, were arranged for this CD in settings for two violins and a bass line, a traditional arrangement for tavern musicians.

muzycy:
Camerata Trajectina:
Hieke Meppelink, Mariët Kaasschieter, Susan Jonkers, Renate Arends, soprano
Talitha van der Spek, mezzo-soprano
Sytse Buwalda, altus
Nico van der Meel, Bernard Loonen, tenor
Jasper Schweppe, Frans Fiselier, baritone
Saskia Coolen, recorder and viola da gamba
Erik Beijer, violone, viola da gamba and timpani
Louis Peter Grijp, lute and cittern
Annelies van der Vegt, Pieter Affourtit, violin
Peter Frankenberg, Gilberto Casserio, oboe
Tomek Wesołowski, bassoon
Frank Anepool, Mark Geelen, trumpet
Emmanuel Frankenberg, whelk
Constance Allanic, harp
Pieter-Jan Belder, recorder and harpsicord

utwory:
1. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Preludium 2:11
2. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Verlatenw'. ô Geluk, nooyt deze steê 5:09
3. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Dans van saters, menaden, bosbewoners 1:53
4. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Marsch 0:49
5. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Kom schoone moeder van de min 0:48
6. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Verandering in een Tuin 2:23
7. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~'K ben de God, die elk onthaal 0:48
8. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Laat het zwaard verroesten 1:48
9. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Verliefde Harders spoeit u voort 0:45
10. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Hoe lustig is het hier te weezen! 1:23
11. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~'K zie nu hoe alles met de Vrede samenspant 2:09
12. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Niet meer van kryg gezongen 1:37
13. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Looft die Godin, wiens groote kracht 0:58
14. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Laat zorgen varen 0:32
15. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Kom laat ons geen genuchten sparen 2:25
16. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Dans van Bachanten 1:10
17. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~O Vrede, die zoo lieflyk harten bind 1:42
18. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Men danke die Goddin 1:02
19. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Ziet hier de langgewenste 0:57
20. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Gelukkigh Nederland! 1:11
21. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Leeft lang in overvloet, en vrêe 0:55
22. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Dans van de Tritons 0:37
23. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Afdaling van Apollo 2:26
24. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~Laat nu met vreugd voorleden smarten vaaren 1:04
25. Triomfeerende Min (The Triumph of Love)~De Vrê vertoont zich weder 2:07
26. vryadje van Cloris en Rooje (The Courtship of Cloris and Rosie)~In 't ruischen der boomen 2:10
27. vryadje van Cloris en Rooje (The Courtship of Cloris and Rosie)~Herdersballet 0:52
28. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Och liefje mijn diefje 1:56
29. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Contredans in Cloris en Roosje 1:02
30. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Al die niet meugen 1:22
31. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Menuet in Kloris en Roosje 1:11
32. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Jakelyn 1:06
33. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Ik heb een Eendje, en een Waardje 0:40
34. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Wat is ons al vreugd gegeven 1:27
35. bruiloft van Kloris en Roosje~Sluytballet van Cloris en Roosje 1:27

total time - 53:00
wydano: 2012-07-06
nagrano:
August, 2011

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